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| Nzoia River within the Nile Basin |
DAR ES SALAAM, Tanzania (PAMACC News) A
conceptual structure agreed upon by Nile Basin riparian countries for
organising policies, strategies and guidelines for sustainable management and
development of the Nile River Basin some five years ago has enabled speedy
development within the basin region.
Talking
to journalist members of the Pan African Climate Justice Alliance (PAMACC) at
the sixth session of the Africa Water Week (AWW6) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania,
John Rao Nyoro, the Executive Director for the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI) said
that the Nile Basin Sustainability Framework (NBSF) is now benefiting all the
10 riparian states.
This
comes after government officials from other countries attending the AWW6
confessed that developing projects over trans-boundary shared resources was
proving to be difficult, given the political landscapes, frequent changes of
power due to democracies in the neigbouring countries, and different prevailing
policies.
“While
it is not a legal framework, the NBSF which is a suite of policies, strategies,
and guidance documents – functions as a guide to national policy and planning
process development and seeks to build consensus among countries that share the
resource,” Nyaoro told the journalists.
The
sceptical leaders at the AWW6 singled out the longstanding
dispute between Tanzania and Malawi about Lake Nyasa, in which an agreement for
a project on the shared water resource has lasted over 40 years without a deal,
and the grand mega power generating project in the Democratic Republic of Congo
known as INGA, which has stalled for over 40 years.
“What
we did at the Nile Basin was to bring together all the stakeholders, and then
we asked them to develop a framework that was going to govern activities along
the basin, with reference to existing policies at country levels” said Nyaoro.
As
a result, the Nile Council of Ministers approved the NBSF in 2011, which has
laid down NBI’s approach to developing guiding principles for water resource
management and development across the Nile Basin countries.
“Today,
a country like Uganda, which previously imported rice from Kenya may soon start
exporting the product to Kenya after it developed its wetlands, and is now
farming rice more than before,” said Nyaoro.
He
said that the most important thing was to have all the riparian countries
benefit from the basin.
“Without
the NBSF, there would be no consistent guidance for the sustainable development
of new investments and no coherent guidance for the achievement of cooperation
in sustainable water management and development,” he said.
The
Nile River Basin covers 10 countries, namely Burundi, DR Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia,
Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, The Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda. Eritrea
participates in the NIB as an observer.
The
Nile River basin, which covers about one-tenth of the
area of the continent, served as the stage for the evolution and decay of
advanced civilizations in the ancient world. On the banks of the river dwelled
people who were among the first to cultivate the arts of agriculture and to use
the plow.
The
basin is bordered on the north by the Mediterranean; on the east by the Red Sea
Hills and the Ethiopian Plateau; on the south by the East African Highlands, which include Lake Victoria, a Nile
source; and on the west by the less well-defined watershed between the Nile,
Chad, and Congo basins, extending northwest to include the Marrah
Mountains of Sudan, the Al-Jilf al-Kabīr Plateau of
Egypt, and the Libyan Desert (part of the Sahara).
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